Satisfying Fundamental Needs

Leonardo Boff

21/12/2012

Opinión

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The human being is, by nature, a creature of many needs. Humans require great determination to satisfy them sufficiently to be able to live, not miserably, but with a quality life. Behind each need lies hidden a fear and a desire: a desire to satisfy the needs in the best way possible and the fear of not being able to do so, and, consequently, to suffer. Those who have, fear its loss: those who have nothing, want to have. Such is the dialectic of human existence.

Teachers from very different traditions of humanity and from the sciences of the human being, more or less converge on the following fundamental needs:

We have biological needs: in a word, we need to eat, to drink, to be clothed and to have security. A large part of our time is devoted to satisfying those needs. The great majority of humanity can barely satisfy them, either for lack of work, or because solidarity and compassion are scarce. The first petition to Our Father is for our daily bread, because hunger cannot wait.

But we do not ask God to make miracles every day, so as to avoid having to make the bread ourselves. We ask for favorable weather and fertile soil, and for cooperation in producing and distributing the food. Only then do we exorcise fear and take care of our basic desire.

Furthermore, we have a need for security: we could get sick and succumb to dangers that extinguish our lives. Those dangers can come from nature, tempests, the suns' rays, prolonged droughts, landslides, and all forms of accidents. They can come, principally, from humans themselves, who carry within not only the instinct for life but also the instinct for death; a human can lose self control and eliminate the other. All this produces fear in us. And we hope to escape it. The fact of having lived in caves and then in houses shows our search for security.

The reality is that we can never control all the factors. We can always be innocent victims, or the guilty ones. And then we call out to God, not for God to remove us from the edge of the abyss, but for God to give us the courage to avoid it and to survive.

We have, in the third place, the need to belong: we are social beings. We belong to a family, to an ethnic group, to a place, a country, to the planet Earth. What makes suffering painful is loneliness, not having a friendly shoulder to lean on, not having a helping hand. As we are the fruit of the care of our mothers, who carried us in their arms, we want to die holding the hand of someone near us or of the one who loves us.

In the depth of the existential abyss we call out for our mother or for God. And we know that God listens to us because God is sensitive to the voices of his sons and daughters, and feels the trembling of our terrified hearts. To be reduced to loneliness is to be condemned to an existential hell and to the absence of any communion. This is why it is important to satisfy the feeling of belonging, otherwise we feel like abandoned dogs wandering through the world.

In the fourth place, we have a need for self esteem. To exist is not enough. We need for our existence to be welcome, for someone by words and deeds tells us: «welcome among us, you can count on us». Rejection forces us, even though we are alive, to sense the experience of death. Thus, we need to be recognized as persons, with our differences and peculiarities. Otherwise, we are like a plant without nourishment that withers until it dies. How important it is when someone calls us by name and embraces us. Our negated humanity is restored, and we can forge ahead with hope and without fear.

Finally, we have the need for self-realization. This is the longing and challenge of the human being: to be able to realize itself and to become human. What makes the human being human? We do not exactly know, because even the inhumane is part of the human. We are a mystery to ourselves. It is not that we know nothing about humans. To the contrary, the more we know, the more the dimensions of what we do not know are magnified. We yearn for the stars, whence we came.

But we know enough to discover that we are beings who are open to the other, to the world, and to the Whole. We are beings of unlimited desire. No matter how we search for something to placate our desire, we do not find it among the beings around us. We desire the essential Being and we only bump into accidental beings. How then, can we accomplish self-realization, if we perceive ourselves as an infinite project?

In this regard it makes sense to speak of God as the essential Being and the obscure object of our infinite desire. Only God fills the characteristic of the Infinite, adequate to our infinite project. Consequently, self-realization implies becoming involved with God. To become involved with God is to awaken the spirituality in us, the capacity for feeling the powerful and loving Energy that passes through all reality. It is to be able to see in the wave, the sea and in the drop of water, the immensity of the Amazon River. Spirituality is to feel the hunger and the thirst for a final refuge, to feel secure in the arms of a trusted one, where, in the end, all our needs will be satisfied, where all our fears die and where we could rest.

As long as we do not develop that Center in ourselves, we will always feel that we are in our own prehistory; whole beings, but unfinished, and in the end, frustrated.

When we enter into communion with the essential Being, through silent and unconditional surrender, through prayer and meditation, we open an incomparable and irreplaceable fountain of energies. The effect is pure joy, a levity of life, a possible blessedness for the wayfarers.

- Leonardo Boff Theologian-Philosopher / Earthcharter Commission

Free translation from the Spanish sent by Melina Alfaro, done at REFUGIO DEL RIO GRANDE, Texas, EE.UU.

https://www.alainet.org/en/articulo/163597